Dual-Metal Catalysts in Electrochemical Carbon Dioxide Conversion
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Abstract
The escalating atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration has intensified the urgency for developing efficient carbon dioxide conversion technologies. Electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction represents a promising approach to convert carbon dioxide into valuable chemicals and fuels while utilizing renewable electricity. Dual-metal catalysts have emerged as a breakthrough strategy, offering synergistic effects that surpass the limitations of single-metal catalysts. These bimetallic systems demonstrate enhanced catalytic activity, improved product selectivity, and superior stability through electronic modification, geometric arrangement, and cooperative catalytic mechanisms. This paper comprehensively examines recent developments in dual-metal catalysts for electrochemical carbon dioxide conversion, focusing on copper-based bimetallic combinations including copper-palladium, copper-bismuth, and copper-zinc systems. The discussion encompasses mechanistic insights, synthetic strategies, structure-activity relationships, and performance optimization approaches. By analyzing various bimetallic configurations and their catalytic behaviors, this work highlights critical factors governing product distribution and conversion efficiency. The findings underscore the potential of dual-metal catalysts in advancing sustainable carbon dioxide utilization technologies toward industrial implementation.
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