Design, Synthesis, and Soil Application of Copper-Based Coordination Polymers as Efficient Urease Inhibitors
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Abstract
Copper-based coordination polymers (Cu-CPs) have emerged as promising urease inhibitors with potential applications in agriculture to enhance nitrogen use efficiency and reduce environmental pollution. This review comprehensively summarizes the chemistry and design of Cu-CPs, focusing on their metal centers, auxiliary ligands, molecular architectures, and structure-function relationships. The mechanisms by which Cu-CPs inhibit urease activity are discussed alongside traditional inhibitors, highlighting their superior stability and tunable bioactivity. Furthermore, the application of Cu-CPs in soil environments is evaluated, including their stability, transport, and effects on plant growth and soil microbial communities. Challenges such as cost, controlled release, environmental impact, and scalable synthesis are addressed, with future perspectives emphasizing green chemistry approaches and smart responsive materials. Multidisciplinary collaboration is essential to translate these advances into practical solutions for sustainable agriculture.
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